Stevia Growing Guide

Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) is a perennial herb known for its sweet leaves, which are used as a natural sugar substitute. Native to South America, Stevia has gained popularity worldwide due to its low-calorie sweetness. Stevia plants are relatively easy to grow in the right conditions and can be harvested for fresh use or dried for long-term storage.

    

Planting Stevia

Sunlight: Stevia thrives in full sun, requiring at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight each day. In hotter climates, it can benefit from some afternoon shade.

Soil: Prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.7 and 7.5. Stevia does best in sandy or loamy soils rich in organic matter. Ensure the soil is loose to prevent waterlogging, which can damage the roots.

When to Plant: Stevia is sensitive to cold and should be planted after the last frost date in your area. In cooler climates, start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost date and transplant outdoors when temperatures consistently stay above 50°F (10°C).

Starting Seeds Indoors: Sow seeds on the surface of the soil and lightly press them in, as Stevia seeds need light to germinate. Keep the soil moist and warm, maintaining a temperature of around 70°F (21°C). Seeds typically take 1-2 weeks to germinate.

Transplanting: When seedlings are 3-4 inches tall and the danger of frost has passed, transplant them outdoors. Space plants 12-18 inches apart to allow enough room for growth.

Propagation by Cuttings: Stevia can also be propagated by taking 4-6 inch cuttings from healthy plants. Remove the lower leaves and plant the cuttings in moist soil or water until roots develop. Once roots are established, transplant the cuttings into the garden or containers.

 

Caring for Stevia

Watering: Stevia prefers consistent moisture but does not tolerate waterlogged soil. Water the plants regularly, especially during dry periods, but allow the soil to dry slightly between waterings. Mulching around the base of the plants can help retain soil moisture.

Fertilization: Stevia is a light feeder and does not require heavy fertilization. Apply a balanced, organic fertilizer or compost at planting time. Side-dress with compost or a diluted fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season to support healthy growth.

Pruning: Regular pruning helps encourage bushier growth and more leaf production. Pinch back the tips of the plants when they reach about 8 inches tall to promote branching. Continue to prune throughout the growing season to maintain the plant's shape and maximize leaf yield.

Pest and Disease Management: Stevia is generally pest-resistant but can occasionally attract aphids, whiteflies, or spider mites. Use organic pest control methods like neem oil or insecticidal soap if necessary. Ensure good air circulation around the plants to prevent fungal diseases, and avoid overhead watering to keep the foliage dry.

 

Harvesting Stevia

When to Harvest: Stevia leaves can be harvested as needed once the plant is well-established, usually after 8-12 weeks of growth. The best time to harvest is in the morning after the dew has dried but before the sun becomes too hot. For the sweetest flavor, harvest the leaves just before the plant starts to flower.

How to Harvest: Cut the stems with scissors or pruning shears, and remove the leaves from the stems. Harvest up to two-thirds of the plant at a time, leaving enough foliage for the plant to continue growing. The plant can be harvested multiple times throughout the growing season.

 

Storing and Using Stevia

Drying and Storing Stevia: To preserve Stevia leaves, dry them in a well-ventilated, shaded area. You can hang the stems upside down or spread the leaves on a screen. Once the leaves are completely dry, crush or grind them into a powder and store in an airtight container away from light and moisture. Dried Stevia can be stored for up to a year.

Culinary Uses: Stevia leaves can be used fresh or dried as a natural sweetener in a variety of dishes. Add fresh leaves to teas, salads, or desserts, or use the dried powder in place of sugar in baking and cooking. A little Stevia goes a long way, so start with small amounts and adjust to taste.

 

Stevia Growing Tips

Companion Planting: Stevia grows well alongside herbs like basil, mint, and oregano. Avoid planting near taller plants that could shade it out.

Temperature Sensitivity: Stevia is frost-sensitive and should be protected or brought indoors if cold temperatures are expected. In colder climates, Stevia can be grown as an annual or in containers that can be moved indoors during the winter.

Soil Preparation: Stevia prefers loose, well-drained soil. Before planting, work in plenty of organic matter, such as compost, to provide essential nutrients and improve soil structure.

Overwintering: In zones 8 and warmer, Stevia can be left in the ground to overwinter. Mulch heavily around the base of the plants to protect the roots from cold temperatures.

 

Growing Stevia in your garden ensures a steady supply of natural, calorie-free sweetener perfect for a variety of culinary uses. Enjoy the unique sweetness and versatility of this easy-to-grow herb!